Edit Content
Edit Content
Edit Content
Edit Content
Edit Content
Edit Content
Edit Content
Edit Content
Edit Content
Edit Content

+964

Iraq

We have a team of experienced professionals dedicated to supporting all your business requirements—ensuring smooth operations and full regulatory compliance. This strong foundation enables you to confidently establish and grow your business in Iraq with efficiency and assurance.

WHY IRAQ?

The Republic of Iraq (“Iraq”) is the fourth most populous country in the Middle East and has the world’s fifth largest proven oil reserves. Iraq, widely known with its rich heritage as the “Cradle of Civilisation”, is predominantly a desert, made fertile by the Euphrates and Tigris rivers. The official languages of Iraq are Arabic and Kurdish. The country covers an area of 438,317 square kilometres (169,235 sq. mi.) and has a population of over 46 million. Iraq’s economy is dominated by the oil and gas sector, where oil accounted for 43% of the GDP, 92% of the government budget revenues, and 96% of the country’s exports in 2019. 

Iraq holds the world’s fifth largest proven crude oil reserves at 145bn barrels, representing 17% of proven reserves in the Middle East and 8% of the global reserves. At the end of 2020, Iraq’s proven natural gas reserves were the 12th largest in the world, at approximately ~132tn cubic feet. Iraq, a country in Western Asia, is bordered by Jordan to the west, Syria to the northwest, Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, and Kuwait and Saudi Arabia to the south. With Baghdad as its capital, Iraq is divided into 18 governorates. The official languages of Iraq are Arabic and Kurdish, and the currency is the Iraqi dinar (IQD). Potential foreign investors now view Iraq with much more interest. As Iraq’s economy is dominated by the oil sector, which provides over 90% of government revenue and 80% of foreign exchange earnings, Iraq’s recent contracts with major oil companies have the potential to greatly expand oil revenues. PwC has been very active in Iraq since 2006 and has two offices in Erbil, one in Baghdad, and one in Basra. PwC Iraq provides advisory, audit, and tax services for key government entities, as well as banks, financial institutions, oil and gas companies, industrial companies, and agricultural companies within the Iraqi private sector.

ADVANTAGES

Significant Investment Incentives
  • Tax Holidays:
Eligible projects can receive up to 10 years of tax exemptions, which can be extended to 15 years if there is majority (over 50%) Iraqi participation.
  • Customs Exemptions:
Imports of assets and equipment for a project are exempt from customs duties for up to three years from the license date.
  • Profit Repatriation:
Investors have the legal right to repatriate both their initial capital and annual profits in foreign currency.
  • Land Use:
Foreign investors can lease land for up to 50 years with renewal options, and in the Kurdistan Region, they may even own land for residential or industrial projects. Strategic Economic Advantages
  • Vast Natural Resources:
Iraq holds the world’s fifth-largest proven oil reserves and is OPEC’s second-largest producer, providing a robust, long-term energy export base.
  • Massive Reconstruction Needs:
Following decades of conflict, there is an “unprecedented” scale of demand for infrastructure development, including roads, railways, housing, and power plants.
  • Growing Domestic Market:
Iraq has a young, growing population of over 46 million, with 71% under the age of 30, creating high demand for consumer goods, healthcare, and education.
  • Strategic Location:
Situated between Asia, Europe, and the Arab Gulf, Iraq is positioned to serve as a regional commercial transit hub. Favourable Fiscal Environment
  • Competitive Tax Rates:
Outside of tax-free periods, Iraq maintains a low flat corporate income tax rate of 15% (excluding oil and gas, which is 35%).
  • No VAT:
There is currently no Value Added Tax (VAT) on goods and services in Iraq.
  • Competitive Labor Costs:
Operating costs and wages are significantly lower than in neighbouring regions; for example, engineering professionals can be up to 89% cheaper than in the UAE. Modernizing Business Environment
  • Streamlined Registration:
A new “single-window” online system (business.mot.gov.iq) has been introduced to simplify company registration, reducing the process from dozens of steps to a single digital portal.
  • International Legal Protections:
Iraq has ratified the New York Convention, providing foreign investors with a reliable mechanism for the international enforcement of arbitral awards.

TAX REGIME

Corporate Income Tax (CIT)

  • Standard Rate:

A flat rate of 15% applies to most companies, branches, and permanent establishments.

  • Oil and Gas Sector:

A higher rate of 35% is levied on companies and subcontractors in the oil and gas industry.

  • Taxable Income:

Based on net profits after allowable business deductions. However, the GCT may apply a “deemed profit” approach if it determines that reported profits are lower than industry indicators.

  • Filing:

Annual tax returns must be filed by May 31st following the end of the calendar year.

Personal Income Tax (PIT)

Iraq uses a progressive tax schedule for resident and non-resident individuals:

  • 0 – 250,000 IQD: 3%
  • 250,001 – 500,000 IQD: 5%
  • 500,001 – 1,000,000 IQD: 10%
  • Above 1,000,000 IQD: 15%
  • Withholding: Employers are required to withhold income tax from salaries monthly (PAYE).

Indirect and Other Taxes

  • Value Added Tax (VAT):

Iraq does not currently have a VAT or general sales tax.

  • Sales Tax:

Specific levies apply to certain goods, such as 300% on alcohol/tobacco, 20% on mobile recharge cards, and 10% on first-class restaurants/hotels.

  • Social Security:

Employers contribute 12% (25% in the oil sector) and employees contribute 5% of salaries to social security.

  • Withholding Tax (WHT):

A 15% WHT generally applies to interest and certain payments made to non-residents. Dividends are typically exempt from WHT.

  • Real Estate Tax:

A 10.8% tax is assessed on the annual revenue of real estate.

IRAQ COMPANIES

Common Local Entities
  • Limited Liability Company (LLC) (Shirkah Dhati Mas’ooliyah Mahdoodah):
Most popular, offers limited liability, can have single or multiple shareholders (individual/corporate), but require minimum capital (around $850 USD) and has restrictions on wholly foreign ownership in Federal Iraq (requiring 51% Iraqi capital).
  • Joint-Stock Company (JSC) (Shirkah Musahama Aama):
For larger businesses, requires at least five owners, with liability limited to share value, and can involve public trading.
  • Simple Company/Partnership:
Involves 2-5 partners with unlimited liability, doesn’t always need company registration.
  • Sole Proprietorship (Individual Venture):
A single owner, unlimited personal liability, often Iraqi citizens. Foreign Company Presence
  • Branch Office of a Foreign Company:
Allows foreign entities to operate, with the parent company bearing full liability, and is a common structure alongside LLCs.
  • Representative Office:
Generally not registered anymore under the latest Company’s Branches Law (Law No. 2/2017). Other & Newer Forms
  • Joint Venture (JV):
A specific form tied to founders, but not always recognized as a distinct legal entity under all laws.
  • Holding Company:
A newer entity type recognized in Iraq, with specific rules for foreign shareholders.

RELATED BLOGS

Contact Us

Get in touch with the right people to get the right help in setting up your business in Iraq.

Our Links

Chandrawat & Partners is a prominent full-service firm dedicated to delivering top-tier professional services to clients both within the domestic and international spheres.

Copyright © 2026 Chandrawat & Partners. All rights reserved.
💬 Leave a Message

About Us

Chandrawat & Partners stands as a dynamic and rapidly expanding full-service firm, specializing in the delivery of exceptional professional and corporate services to a diverse clientele, both foreign and local. We proudly represent companies and individuals across a wide spectrum of sectors through distinct entities established in various countries worldwide.

About Us

Chandrawat & Partners stands as a dynamic and rapidly expanding full-service firm, specializing in the delivery of exceptional professional and corporate services to a diverse clientele, both foreign and local. We proudly represent companies and individuals across a wide spectrum of sectors through distinct entities established in various countries worldwide.